SSC CGL 2017 · 2017-08-22 · Shift 3

Check each number for primality: \(42 = 2 \times 3 \times 7\) — composite. \(84 = 2^2 \times 3 \times 7\) — composite. \(91 = 7 \times 13\) — composite. \(71\) has no divisors other than 1 and itself — prime. Therefore 71 is the odd one out.

Step 1 — Count days from 22 May to 30 October: \((31-22) + 30 + 31 + 31 + 30 + 30 = 9 + 30 + 31 + 31 + 30 + 30 = 161\) days. Step 2 — Find odd days: \(161 \div 7 = 23\) remainder \(0\). So 0 odd days. With 0 odd days, Neerav's birthday falls on the same weekday as Aayush's. Therefore the answer is Monday.

Check the rule on FLOTSAM → UOLGHZN: each letter maps to its alphabet-opposite (A↔Z, B↔Y, …), so position sums equal 27. E.g. F(6)+U(21)=27, L(12)+O(15)=27, A(1)+Z(26)=27. Apply to PIN: P(16) → \(27-16=11\) = K; I(9) → \(27-9=18\) = R; N(14) → \(27-14=13\) = M. Therefore PIN is coded as KRM.

Consecutive terms differ by a constant \(+0.15\): \(-0.35-(-0.5)=0.15\), \(-0.2-(-0.35)=0.15\), and so on. Missing term \(=-0.05+0.15=0.10\). Verify: \(0.10+0.15=0.25\), matching the next given term. Hence the answer is 0.1.

From "All clouds are fog" and "All fog are white", by transitivity, all clouds are white. Since clouds form a non-empty subset of white, Some white are clouds (Conclusion I) follows. Also, "All clouds are fog" directly implies clouds are a subset of fog, so Some fog are clouds (Conclusion II) follows. Therefore both I and II follow.

The relationship is fastener : tool used to drive it. A screwdriver is used to drive a screw. Similarly, a hammer is the tool used to drive a nail. "Nail driver" is not a standard tool name; polish and steel are not tools for nails.

Hence, answer is E, A, F.

So, dice 2 can be formed. Hence, answer is figure 2.

Hence, answer is figure 4.

Hence, the answer is option 1.

Each letter is coded as (row, column). Possible codes: B: 34, 43 (Matrix-I); H: 20, 33 (Matrix-I); U: 55, 67, 87 (Matrix-II); S: 59, 65 (Matrix-II). Option 1 (34, 33, 55, 59) matches B-H-U-S exactly. Other options fail at the very first code (14=K, 56=N, 01=C). Hence the answer is 34, 33, 55, 59.

Possible sums from {90, 30, 20, 50} (each used at most once): 20, 30, 50, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 140, 160, 170, 190. Check options: 190 = 90+30+20+50, 170 = 90+30+50, 100 = 30+20+50. But 150 cannot be formed by any subset. Hence the answer is 150.

Track N-S and E-W displacements separately. North-South: \(+40+110=+150\) km (North). East-West: facing North, a left turn is West, so \(+50-50=0\) km. Net displacement is 150 km North of the start.

Hence, answer is option 2.

Hence, answer is figure 3.

Pattern: \(A\$ B = (\text{digit sum of }A)+(\text{digit sum of }B)\). Check: \(23\$35=(2{+}3)+(3{+}5)=5+8=13\) and \(3\$5=3+5=8\). Both match. Apply: \(4\$13=4+(1+3)=4+4=8\). Hence the answer is 8.

Check the gap between consecutive letters in each triplet: CEG: C(3)→E(5)→G(7), gaps +2, +2. IKM: 9→11→13, gaps +2, +2. VXZ: 22→24→26, gaps +2, +2. ORU: O(15)→R(18)→U(21), gaps +3, +3 — different from the rest. Hence the odd one is ORU.

Substitute per the code: ×→÷, -→+, +→×. The expression \(234\times9-12+4\) becomes \(234\div9+12\times4\). Apply BODMAS: \(234\div9=26\) and \(12\times4=48\), giving \(26+48=74\). Hence the answer is 74.

Batsman, Bowler and Wicket-keeper are all players who actively participate in the game. An Umpire is a match official who enforces the rules — not a player. Hence Umpire is the odd one out.

Examine the last letter of each word: nature→e, ensure→e, tense→e, spent→t, spurn→n. Following spurn (ending in n), the next word must end in n. Among the options, only upturn ends in n. Hence the answer is upturn.

Pattern: each letter shifts back by 2 in the alphabet (with wrap-around). ACE → YAC: A(1)→Y(−1→25), C(3)→A(1), E(5)→C(3). Each position decreases by 2. Apply to BDF: B(2)→Z(0→26), D(4)→B(2), F(6)→D(4). Result: ZBD.

Positions: R(18), M(13), I(9), F(6), D(4). Differences: \(-5,-4,-3,-2\) — decreasing by 1 each step. Next difference is \(-1\), giving position \(4-1=3\), which is the letter C.

INFERNAL contains the letters I, N, N, F, E, R, A, L. ALIEN, FINAL and LEARN can all be assembled from these letters. URINE requires the letter U, which is not present in INFERNAL. Hence URINE cannot be formed.

The pattern followed here is: 28 × 27 = 756 17 × 23 = 391 Likewise; 16 × 21 = 336. Hence, the correct answer is 336.

Relationship: the second number is the cube of the first. Check: \(10^3=1000\). Apply to 2: \(2^3=8\). Hence the answer is 8.

Phaeophyceae are commonly called brown algae, not red algae. They owe their colour to the pigment fucoxanthin combined with chlorophylls a and c. Rhodophyceae are the red algae (due to phycoerythrin), Chlorophyceae are the green algae, and Cyanobacteria are the prokaryotic blue-green algae. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.

In normal human female anatomy, the uterus is a single, pear-shaped muscular organ formed by complete fusion of the paired Mullerian (paramesonephric) ducts during fetal development. A double uterus (uterus didelphys) is a rare congenital anomaly resulting from incomplete fusion, not the typical condition.

Adamsia (sea anemone) and Pennatula (sea-pen) are radially symmetrical, diploblastic marine animals with stinging cnidocytes and a gastrovascular cavity — the defining traits of phylum Coelenterata (Cnidaria). Both belong specifically to class Anthozoa, which exists only in the polyp form.

Lime water is a dilute solution of calcium hydroxide. Passing CO2 through it produces insoluble calcium carbonate, turning the solution milky: \[\text{Ca(OH)}_2 + \text{CO}_2 \rightarrow \text{CaCO}_3\downarrow + \text{H}_2\text{O}\] This is the standard laboratory test for carbon dioxide.

Sher Shah Suri decisively defeated the Mughal emperor Humayun at the Battle of Chausa (1539) and again at the Battle of Kannauj/Bilgram (1540), forcing Humayun into exile in Persia and establishing the Sur Empire. Timur Lang, Nadir Shah and Ahmad Shah Abdali were invaders from different centuries, unrelated to Sher Shah's campaigns.

American swimmer Michael Phelps holds the record for the most Olympic gold medals, with 23 golds (and 28 total medals) won across the 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016 Games. Usain Bolt won 8 golds, Katie Ledecky 7 and Chen Long 1 — all well behind Phelps.

Gol Gumbaz, the mausoleum of Mohammed Adil Shah of the Adil Shahi dynasty at Vijayapura (Bijapur), Karnataka, was built between 1626 and 1656 CE. Both dates fall within 1601-1700, placing its construction firmly in the 17th century.

Penicillin was discovered by Scottish bacteriologist Sir Alexander Fleming in 1928 at St. Mary's Hospital, London, when he noticed that a contaminating Penicillium notatum mould inhibited Staphylococcus growth on a culture plate. Jenner pioneered the smallpox vaccine; Bohr and Hertz were physicists.

After Sirajuddaulah's defeat at the Battle of Plassey (1757) and his subsequent assassination, the British East India Company under Robert Clive installed Mir Jafar — Sirajuddaulah's own commander who had betrayed him during the battle — as the puppet Nawab of Bengal. Mir Qasim succeeded later (1760); Haider Ali and Tipu Sultan ruled Mysore.

Polyester, a synthetic fibre, has highly elastic, hydrophobic polymer chains that spring back to shape after being creased — making it the most wrinkle-resistant of the four options. Cotton and flax (linen) are absorbent cellulose fibres that crease readily; silk wrinkles moderately. Hence polyester fabric resists wrinkling best.

The COUNT function in Microsoft Excel counts the number of cells in its argument list that contain numbers (including dates), ignoring blanks, text and logical values. Syntax: =COUNT(value1, [value2], ...). COUNTIF counts by criterion, COUNTBLANK counts empty cells, and SUMPRODUCT multiplies and sums arrays.

Mission Indradhanush, launched by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in December 2014, aims to fully immunise all unvaccinated and partially vaccinated children (and pregnant women) against seven vaccine-preventable diseases: diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, polio, tuberculosis, hepatitis B, and measles. The other schemes target rural skills, electrification and overseas-worker welfare.

Statement 1 is correct: Ian McEwan wrote Atonement (2001). Statement 3 is correct: Zadie Smith wrote White Teeth (2000). Statement 2 is wrong — The Sound and the Fury (1929) was written by William Faulkner, not L. Ron Hubbard. Hence only 1 and 3 are correct.

Shyam Saran Negi, recognised as independent India's first and oldest voter, was a resident of Kalpa in the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. He cast his first vote on 25 October 1951 — earlier than the main poll because of impending snowfall in his hilly region — and voted in every election thereafter.

At the time the SSC CGL 2017 paper was set, the Secretary General of SAARC was Mr. Amjad Hussain B. Sial of Pakistan, who held office from 1 March 2017 to 29 February 2020 under the principle of alphabetical rotation among member states. The other names listed are Bangladeshi political figures unconnected with SAARC.

Under Article 368, a constitutional amendment bill must be passed by each House of Parliament by a special majority (majority of total membership and two-thirds of members present and voting). It is then presented to the President, whose assent (made obligatory by the 24th Amendment, 1971) formally approves the amendment.

The Capital Account of the balance of payments records capital inflows (from the rest of the world) minus capital outflows (to the rest of the world), exactly matching the definition. The Current Account covers trade in goods, services and income transfers, not net capital movements.

As a river nears the sea, gradient and velocity drop, sediment is deposited, and the main channel splits into several smaller branches called distributaries; together with the deposited land they form a delta. Plateau, isthmus and peninsula are landforms, not river channels.

The Seventh Schedule of the Constitution distributes legislative subjects across three lists. Entry 46 of the State List (List II) reads "Taxes on agricultural income," giving exclusive power to State Legislatures. Income tax on non-agricultural income, by contrast, is Entry 82 of the Union List.

A rock dam is a soil-conservation structure built by piling rocks across a gully or small stream to slow water flow, trap sediment and prevent gully enlargement and further soil loss, exactly matching the description. Contour barriers run along contour lines, mulching covers the soil surface, and terrace farming reshapes slopes into steps.

By Newton's second law, a net force produces acceleration in its own direction. When the force acts along the direction of motion, the velocity vector and acceleration vector point the same way, so the object's speed increases. A force opposite to motion would decrease speed; a perpendicular force would change only direction.

The Law of Demand states that, other things equal (ceteris paribus), the quantity demanded of a good varies inversely with its price — exactly the relationship described. The condition that demand moves with income simply identifies the good as a normal good, the typical case where the law applies.

Average seawater salinity is about 3.5% (35 ppt). A hypersaline lagoon is defined as one whose salt concentration exceeds this standard ocean value, i.e. greater than 3.5%, caused by high evaporation and restricted exchange with the sea.

Among the listed albums, Bruno Mars's 24K Magic is the one that took the Grammy Award for Album of the Year, beating Childish Gambino's Awaken, My Love! and Lorde's Melodrama. Beauty Behind the Madness (The Weeknd) was nominated in an earlier cycle but did not win.

The outer ear (pinna or auricle) is broad at the opening and narrows toward the ear canal, channelling sound waves inward — the same action as a funnel. A plate or disc is flat, and the "drum" refers to the eardrum (tympanic membrane) of the middle ear, not the outer ear's shape.

Step 1 — Prime factorise: \(120 = 2^3 \times 3 \times 5\), \(450 = 2 \times 3^2 \times 5^2\) Step 2 — Take the highest power of each prime: \[\text{LCM} = 2^3 \times 3^2 \times 5^2 = 8 \times 9 \times 25 = 1800\] Therefore LCM(120, 450) = 1800.

Step 1 — Clear fractions (multiply by 6): \[6\cdot\tfrac{10x}{3} + 6\cdot\tfrac{5}{2}\left(2-\tfrac{x}{3}\right) = 6\cdot\tfrac{7}{2}\] \[20x + 15\left(2-\tfrac{x}{3}\right) = 21\] Step 2 — Expand and simplify: \[20x + 30 - 5x = 21 \implies 15x = -9\] Therefore \(x = -\dfrac{9}{15} = -\dfrac{3}{5}\).

For four consecutive odd numbers with average 40, the sum is \(4 \times 40 = 160\). Let the numbers be \(n, n+2, n+4, n+6\): \[4n + 12 = 160 \implies n = 37\] The numbers are 37, 39, 41, 43, so the largest is 43.

Reflecting a point \((x, y)\) in the horizontal line \(y = k\) keeps x unchanged and sends y to \(2k - y\). With \((x,y) = (5,3)\) and \(k = -2\): \[y' = 2(-2) - 3 = -7\] The reflected point is (5, -7).

By the distance formula: \[\sqrt{(k-4)^2 + (-4-8)^2} = 13\] \[(k-4)^2 + 144 = 169 \implies (k-4)^2 = 25\] \[k - 4 = \pm 5 \implies k = 9 \text{ or } k = -1\] Of these, only k = -1 appears in the options.

In \(\triangle LMN\), \(\angle M=90^\circ\) and \(\angle N=45^\circ\), so \(\angle L=45^\circ\). This is a 45-45-90 isosceles right triangle with hypotenuse \(NL=9\sqrt{2}\). The legs are in ratio \(1:1:\sqrt{2}\) with the hypotenuse, so each leg \(=\dfrac{NL}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{9\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}}=9\) cm. Therefore MN = 9 cm.

Since \(DE \parallel BC\), \(\triangle ADE \sim \triangle ABC\) with ratio \(\dfrac{AD}{AB}=\dfrac{2}{2+3}=\dfrac{2}{5}\). Area ratio = square of side ratio: \[\frac{[\triangle ADE]}{[\triangle ABC]}=\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)^2=\frac{4}{25}\] Given \([\triangle ADE]=4\), so \([\triangle ABC]=25\) sq cm. Therefore \([BDEC]=25-4=\) 21 sq cm.

For an AP, \(a_n=a+(n-1)d\). Using \(a_8-a_3=5d\): \[5d=1-(-14)=15 \implies d=3\] From \(a_3=a+2d=-14\): \(a=-14-6=-20\). Therefore \(a_{11}=a+10d=-20+30=\) 10.

As it can be seen from the given graph, no. of employees in department E is the second highest

No. of employees in department D = 12 No. of employees in department F = 4 If departments F and D are merged to create a new department G, No. of employees in department G = 12 + 4 = 16 ∴ The department with least, i.e. 6, employees will be department B

Treat \(\cos\theta=\dfrac{35}{37}\) as adjacent/hypotenuse in a right triangle. By Pythagoras, the opposite side is: \[\sqrt{37^2-35^2}=\sqrt{1369-1225}=\sqrt{144}=12\] This is the (12, 35, 37) Pythagorean triple. Therefore \(\cot\theta=\dfrac{\text{adjacent}}{\text{opposite}}=\) 35/12.

Let the common time be \(T\) hours. The extra distance at the higher speed equals \((12-10)T\). \[2T=1 \implies T=\tfrac{1}{2}\text{ hr}\] Actual distance at 10 km/hr \(=10\times\tfrac{1}{2}=\) 5 km.

Step 1 — Slope of given line: Rewriting \(2x+3y=-6\) as \(y=-\tfrac{2}{3}x-2\) gives slope \(m_1=-\tfrac{2}{3}\). Step 2 — Perpendicular slope: \(m_2=-\dfrac{1}{m_1}=\dfrac{3}{2}\). Step 3 — Apply y-intercept 3: \[y=\tfrac{3}{2}x+3 \implies 2y=3x+6 \implies 3x-2y=-6\] Therefore the equation is 3x - 2y = -6.

No. of employees in department A = 17 No. of employees in department F = 4 If 5 employees are transferred from department A to department F, then No. of employees in department A = 17 – 5 = 12 No. of employees in department F = 4 + 5 = 9 ∴ The no. of employees of F would be between department B(6) and C(10)

Let the fraction be \(x\). Then: \[x+\frac{4}{x}=\frac{13}{3}\] Multiplying by \(3x\): \[3x^2-13x+12=0 \implies (x-3)(3x-4)=0\] So \(x=3\) or \(x=\tfrac{4}{3}\). The only value matching the options is 4/3.

Step 1 — Find CP: SP at 12% loss = 88% of CP. \[CP=\frac{528\times 100}{88}=600\] Step 2 — New profit: New SP = 636, so profit = \(636-600=36\). \[\text{Profit\%}=\frac{36}{600}\times 100=\] 6%.

With successive annual rates 10% and 15%, the amount after 2 years is: \[A=x\left(1+\tfrac{10}{100}\right)\left(1+\tfrac{15}{100}\right)=x\times 1.10\times 1.15=1.265x\] Setting \(1.265x=20240\): \[x=\frac{20240}{1.265}=\] Rs. 16,000.

Given \(A=\tfrac{4}{9}B\) and \(C=\tfrac{7}{6}B\): \[\frac{C}{A}=\frac{7/6}{4/9}=\frac{7}{6}\times\frac{9}{4}=\frac{63}{24}=\frac{21}{8}\] Therefore \(C:A=\) 21 : 8.

Total MP: \(2\times 500+3\times 1000=1000+3000=4000\). Total discount: \(0.20\times 1000+0.40\times 3000=200+1200=1400\). \[\text{Effective discount\%}=\frac{1400}{4000}\times 100=\] 35%.

Standard values: \(\sin 30^\circ=\tfrac{1}{2}\) and \(\operatorname{cosec}45^\circ=\sqrt{2}\). \[\sin 30^\circ-\operatorname{cosec}45^\circ=\frac{1}{2}-\sqrt{2}=\frac{1-2\sqrt{2}}{2}\] Therefore the value is \((1-2\sqrt{2})/2\).

Total no. of employees = 17 + 6 + 10 + 12 + 15 + 4 = 64 Average salary = Rs. 8000 ∴ Company’s expense towards salaries = 64 × 8000 = Rs. 512000 = Rs. 5.12 lakhs

Take total work = LCM(6, 9, 18) = 18 units. Efficiencies: A = 3, B = 2, C = 1 unit/day. Day 1 (all three): \(3+2+1=6\) units done; remainder \(=18-6=12\) units. C alone: \(\dfrac{12}{1}=\) 12 days.

Wife's share = 40% of wealth; children's share = remaining 60%. Children's share as a percent of wife's share: \[\frac{60}{40}\times 100=150\%\] Therefore the children get 150% of the wealth willed to the wife.

Use the identity \(a^3-b^3=(a-b)^3+3ab(a-b)\). Substituting \(a-b=2\) and \(ab=15\): \[a^3-b^3=2^3+3(15)(2)=8+90=98\] Therefore \(a^3-b^3=\) 98.

Step 1 — Use surface area formula: For a sphere, surface area \(A=\pi d^2\) (equivalent to \(4\pi r^2\)). Step 2 — Substitute and solve: \[d^2=\frac{A}{\pi}=\frac{6.16}{22/7}=6.16\times\frac{7}{22}=1.96\] Step 3 — Take square root: \(d=\sqrt{1.96}=1.4\) cm. Therefore the diameter is 1.4 cm.

The idiom "beat around the bush" means to discuss a matter without coming to the point — circling the topic while deliberately avoiding its central or sensitive aspects. Option 1 — "To treat a topic, but omit its main points, often intentionally" — captures this exactly. Option 2 describes gossip, Option 3 describes merriment, and Option 4 is an unrelated proverb about perseverance.

The opening fragment ends with the possessive "my", which must be followed by a noun. Only X ("place...") begins with a noun, so X comes first. Within X, "scrawny" is an adjective needing a noun — Y ("guy with gelled") supplies it. "Gelled" then needs the noun Z ("hair edge in front of me") to complete the phrase "gelled hair". The coherent sentence reads: "Now I just have to keep my place and not let that scrawny guy with gelled hair edge in front of me." Order: XYZ.

The verb "spend (time)" takes a gerund to express the activity occupying that time — "spend time doing", "spend time reading", etc. "Doing sightseeing" is redundant because "sightseeing" is itself a gerund. The clean form is "spend our time sightseeing". Option 1 (infinitive) implies purpose, Option 2 (base verb) is ungrammatical, and Option 4 ignores the redundancy.

The collocation "alcohol and substance abuse" is a fixed medical term referring to the harmful use of alcohol and other substances, and is a recognised cause of psychoses and related conditions. "Eating" and "sale" do not collocate with "substance" in a mental-health context. "Withdrawal" is a specific syndrome rather than the broad category the sentence lists alongside anxiety, depression, and psychoses.

Rebuke means to express sharp disapproval or criticism — a stern reprimand. Admonition, censure, and scold are all synonyms (forms of criticism), so they cannot be antonyms. Flattery — excessive, often insincere praise — is the direct opposite of criticism, making it the antonym.

A penalty is precisely a punishment imposed for breaking a law, rule, or contract — matching the definition word-for-word. A reprieve postpones a punishment; grace is leniency or an extension period; amnesty is an official pardon for (usually political) offences. None of these denote the punishment itself.

In its positive sense, ravish means to fill someone with intense delight — to charm or captivate completely. Enthral means to hold the fascinated attention of, to captivate — a near-exact synonym. Repulse, offend, and depress all denote negative reactions (aversion, hurt, sadness) and are antonyms rather than synonyms.

The phrase "a wide ___ of feedback" needs a noun meaning a broad range or scope. Spectrum denotes exactly that — a continuous range covering varied perspectives. "Option" and "choices" (the latter also a number mismatch with "a wide") refer to discrete selections, not a continuum. "Colours" is literal and unrelated to feedback.

The verb propose is followed either by an infinitive ("propose to meet") or by a gerund ("propose meeting"). The finite "meets" cannot follow "proposed". Among the options, "to meet" gives the standard infinitive pattern: "He proposed to meet me at the temple." "For meeting" and "meeting with" are awkward; "no improvement" leaves the original ungrammatical.

Ravage means to cause severe, widespread destruction or harm — as a storm or war might ravage a region. Damage shares the core sense of causing harm or injury and is the closest synonym. Surrender (yield), construct (build), and liberate (set free) are unrelated or opposite in meaning.

The structure "confident ___ with" requires an adverb that follows the adjective. Enough uniquely sits after the adjective it modifies ("tall enough", "confident enough") and conveys sufficiency. "Very" and "much" precede adjectives, not follow them, and "lot" is a noun. Only "not confident enough with their training" is grammatical and meaningful.

Converting a Wh-question to indirect speech requires three changes: (i) drop the question word order, (ii) backshift the tense, and (iii) adjust pronouns. "What is your name?" becomes — Wh-word retained as connector + statement order + "is" backshifted to "was" + "your" changed to "his": "She asked him what his name was." Option 1 keeps the present tense, Option 2 uses the wrong tense (present perfect), and Option 3 retains question order.

The adjective is formed from "curve" + the suffix -aceous (meaning "having the nature of"), dropping the final "e" of curve: curvaceous. "Curvacias" and "curvaceuse" use wrong endings, and "curveaceous" wrongly retains the "e" before the suffix.

Providing pertinent details up front removes the need for clarifying back-and-forth, allowing the recipient to respond quickly. The word that captures "quick, without delay" is prompt. "Efficient" describes the manner of the reply rather than its timing; "tardy" (late) is the opposite of the intended outcome; "strange" is contextually irrelevant.

The idiom Achilles' heel comes from Greek mythology: Achilles was invulnerable except at his heel, where an arrow eventually killed him. It now denotes a critical weak point in someone or something that is otherwise strong. Option 1 — A fatal weakness in spite of overall strength — captures this exactly. A secret weapon (2) is a hidden strength, a hidden past deed (3) is a secret not a vulnerability, and a scapegoat (4) is unrelated.

The active sentence is in the simple past ("ate"). Passive structure: Object + was/were + V3 + by + Subject. Since the new subject "six rotis" is plural, the auxiliary is were, and the past participle of "eat" is eaten. Hence: "At dinner, six rotis were eaten by Varun." Option 1 wrongly uses "was ate"; options 3 and 4 stay in active voice.

Rebate means a partial refund or reduction in the amount paid — a decrease. Its antonym must convey the opposite: an addition or growth in amount. Increase directly opposes "reduction." "Deduction" and "Remission" are synonyms (both involve subtracting/cancelling). "Bonus" is an extra payment but is narrower than "Increase," which is the standard antonym of a rebate-style decrease.

An irritating inconvenience is something bothersome that causes annoying difficulty — precisely the meaning of Hassle. "Tranquillity" (calm) and "Harmony" (agreement) are opposites in tone. "Rectitude" (moral uprightness) is unrelated to inconvenience.

The standard English word meaning "horrifyingly wicked or cruel" is spelt atrocious, with the suffix -cious (compare "precious," "conscious"). "atrocias," "atroceous" and "atroacious" all misspell the ending or vowel pattern.

The blank introduces the means or condition by which primary care physicians can be trained. The preposition With conveys exactly that — "With a concerted effort, X can be achieved" (compare: "With patience, you can learn anything"). "To" and "For" do not naturally express means here; "But" signals contrast, which the sentence does not require.

The stem ends with "time" and Y begins with "zone," together forming "timezone" — so Y must follow the stem. Y ends with "integral to our," which flows into X ("lives that we often take it for"). X ends with "take it for," which sets up the idiom take for granted, completed by Z ("granted and assume…"). The full sentence reads: "The idea of a standard timezone has become so integral to our lives that we often take it for granted and assume it to be a part of natural phenomena." Order: YXZ.

The main clause is in the past tense — "Father was upset… he found." By the sequence of tenses rule, the subordinate clause should also shift to past. Part (3) "you are not there" wrongly uses the present tense; it should read "you were not there." Hence the error lies in part 3.

The construction "ranging from A to B" is the standard idiom for indicating a spectrum — here, the variety of severe mental health problems from anxiety disorders to depression. "Coming from" denotes origin, "distancing" implies separation, and "longing" expresses desire — none fit the sense of a range.

The correct idiom is "for the good of", meaning "for the benefit of." Part (2) wrongly uses the preposition to. The corrected sentence reads: "Freedom fighters laboured for the good of the poor enslaved masses." Hence the error lies in part 2.

The blank introduces the reason why GPs become important — a low base of psychiatrists relative to need. The conjunction Since expresses cause exactly: "Since X is true, Y follows." "Why" is interrogative, "As soon as" signals time, and "Where" signals place — none expresses causation.