SSC CGL 2017 · 2017-08-18 · Shift 3

Clearly, when paper sheet is unfolded it will appear as shown below: Thus fig.3 is the correct answer.

The cipher shifts each letter one position backward in the alphabet (with A wrapping to Z): M→L, I→H, G→F, R→Q, A→Z, N→M, T→S, giving LHFQZMS. Applying the same \(-1\) shift to GEL: G→F, E→D, L→K. Hence GEL is coded as FDK.

Argument I is strong: it provides a direct, relevant cause-effect link — rock shows draw tourists, which boosts the local economy. Economic benefit is a significant and specific reason for permitting the activity. Argument II is weak: 'local traditions are harmed due to tourism' is a sweeping generalisation about tourism as a whole, not specifically about late-night rock shows, and offers no concrete link to the proposal's timing. Therefore only Argument I is strong.

Refer the diagram shown below : Clearly, the set of letters F and G represents yoga practitioners who are neither geneticists nor fathers.

Check the gap between consecutive letters in each triplet: AEI: A(1) → E(5) → I(9), gap = +4. JNR: 10 → 14 → 18, gap = +4. SWA: 19 → 23 → 27(A), gap = +4 (with wrap-around). FHJ: 6 → 8 → 10, gap = +2. Three triplets follow the +4 pattern; FHJ follows +2 and is the odd one out.

Step 1 — Count days from 14 April to 20 September: \(16 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 31 + 20 = 159\) days (April 16 + May 31 + June 30 + July 31 + August 31 + September 20). Step 2 — Find odd days: \(159 \bmod 7 = 5\), since \(159 = 7 \times 22 + 5\). Step 3 — Shift the day: Friday + 5 days = Wednesday.

As we know the figure opposite to any shown figure can’t be on the adjacent face. Here star shape cube is opposite to dotted shape cube. The circle shape cube is opposite to 2 circle shape cube. Line check line cube is opposite to cross line cube. So, the sides which will face each other will be: As, the star shape cube can’t be on the adjacent face with circle shape cube. Therefore, the figure in option 4 cannot be made based on the unfolded cube given in question.

Clearly, fig.2 shows the correct right image of question figure. Hence, figure 2 is the correct answer.

Decode REAL letter by letter using the row-then-column rule. R (Matrix-II): valid codes include 58, 59, 66, 67, 80, 85, 97. E (Matrix-I): 10, 11, 22, 33. A (Matrix-I): 13, 31, 32, 40. L (Matrix-I): 04, 14, 24. Testing option 2: 85 → R, 10 → E, 31 → A, 04 → L. All four match, so the answer is 85, 10, 31, 04.

The operator returns the average of the two operands: \(A \,\$\, B = \dfrac{A+B}{2}\). Check: \(\dfrac{11+25}{2}=18\) and \(\dfrac{12+20}{2}=16\). Apply to 4 $ 50: \(\dfrac{4+50}{2}=\dfrac{54}{2}=\mathbf{27}\).

Clearly, fig.1 will complete the pattern when placed in the blank space of question figure as shown below: Thus, figure 1 is the correct answer.

Check each number for being a perfect square: \(169 = 13^2\), \(529 = 23^2\), \(289 = 17^2\). But \(20^2 = 400\) and \(21^2 = 441\), so 421 lies between consecutive squares and is not a perfect square. Hence 421 is the odd one out.

Each word begins with the last two letters of the previous word: hello → lower, lower → error, error → organ, organ → analyse. The last two letters of analyse are 'se', so the next word must start with 'se'. Among the options, only senile fits.

Convert each term to decimal: \(\tfrac{3}{5}=0.6,\ 1.4,\ \tfrac{11}{5}=2.2,\ ?,\ \tfrac{19}{5}=3.8,\ 4.6\). The common difference is \(0.8\) (1.4 − 0.6, 2.2 − 1.4, 4.6 − 3.8). Missing term \(= 2.2 + 0.8 = 3.0 = \mathbf{3}\), which matches the next step \(3.0 + 0.8 = 3.8\).

Letters available in PREACHER: P, R, E, A, C, H, E, R — i.e. {P, R(×2), E(×2), A, C, H}. No 'S'. RECAP, PARCH and PEACH use only letters from this set. CARES requires an 'S', which is absent from PREACHER, so it cannot be formed.

Each string has length 7 with one 'O'. Track O's position: 4, 5, 3, 6, 2, ? Differences between consecutive positions: +1, −2, +3, −4, so the next difference is +5. Position of O in the 6th term: \(2 + 5 = 7\). With O at position 7, the string is XXXXXXO.

On close observation, we find that question figure is embedded in fig.2, as shown below: Thus, figure 2 is the correct answer.

List every subset sum of {20, 40, 80, 90}: Singles: 20, 40, 80, 90. Pairs: 60, 100, 110, 120, 130, 170. Triples: 140, 150, 190, 210. All four: 230. From the options, 150 = 20+40+90, 210 = 40+80+90, 230 = 20+40+80+90 are achievable. 220 is not in the list, so it cannot be formed.

Compare alphabet positions: E(5), G(7), I(9) → B(2), D(4), F(6). Each letter shifts back by 3 positions. Apply the same shift to KMO: K(11) → H(8), M(13) → J(10), O(15) → L(12). Hence KMO : HJL.

Knife, Fork and Spoon are all cutlery — utensils used directly for eating. A plate is a piece of dishware that holds the food; it is not a utensil. Hence Plate is the odd one out.

The grid is \(\begin{pmatrix}21 & 27 & 29\\ ? & 96 & 142\\ 57 & 69 & 113\end{pmatrix}\). In each row, column 1 + column 2 = column 3. Row 1: \(21 + 27 = 48\)... checking another rule: column 3 − column 2 = column 1. Row 1: \(29 - 27 \ne 21\). Try col 1 + col 3 = col 2 + something. Row 3: \(57 + 69 = 126\), \(126 + 113? \) no. Use the rule (col 1) + (col 2) + 65 = (col 3)? Row 1: \(21+27 = 48, +29 = 77\) — but for column-wise: column 3: \(29 + 113 = 142\). So middle row = top row + bottom row column-wise. Check column 2: \(27 + 69 = 96\). Column 1: \(21 + 57 = \mathbf{78}\). Therefore the missing number is 78.

Set up coordinates with start at (0,0), North = +y, East = +x. P's path: 18 km North to (0, 18); right turn faces East; 3 km East to (3, 18). Q's path: 9 km East to (9, 0); 10 km North to (9, 10); left turn faces West; 6 km West to (3, 10). P is at (3, 18), Q at (3, 10): same x, and Q's y is 8 less. Hence Q is 8 km South of P.

Relation: second number = first number × (−2). Check: \(5 \times (-2) = -10\). Apply to −8: \((-8) \times (-2) = \mathbf{16}\).

Substitute each coded operator with its real meaning: \(+\to\times,\ -\to+,\ \times\to\div,\ \div\to-\). The expression \(27\times3\div30+5-125\) becomes: \[27\div3-30\times5+125\] Apply BODMAS: \[=9-150+125=-16\] Therefore the answer is -16.

The relationship is workplace : key professional. A Teacher is the professional working in a School. Applying the same relation to Court, the professional working there is a Lawyer. Justice is the outcome (not a profession), while Play and Tennis are unrelated.

The nominal exchange rate is defined as the price of one unit of foreign currency expressed in domestic currency (e.g., 1 USD = 83 INR). It is the unadjusted, market-quoted rate. The real rate adjusts the nominal rate for relative price levels; a fixed rate refers to an exchange-rate regime; "artificial" is not a standard classification.

The marginal product of an input (factor of production) is the change in output resulting from employing one more unit of a particular input (for instance, the change in output when a firm's labor is increased from five to six units), assuming that the quantities of other inputs are kept constant.

In Microsoft Excel, the MAX() function returns the largest numerical value among its arguments. Syntax: \(=\text{MAX}(\text{number1},\text{number2},\ldots)\), e.g., \(=\text{MAX}(A1{:}A5)\). HIGHEST, MORE and HIGH are not built-in Excel functions.

National Highway 1A (Srinagar–Leh route) crosses the Zoji La pass in the Great Himalayan range, linking the Kashmir Valley with Ladakh via Kargil. It usually remains closed in winter due to heavy snow. Khyber lies on the Afghanistan–Pakistan border, Nathula connects Sikkim with Tibet, and the Karakoram Pass lies between Ladakh and Xinjiang — none are on the Leh–Kashmir highway.

Melting, or fusion , is a physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a solid to a liquid. This occurs when the internal energy of the solid increases, typically by the application of heat or pressure, which increases the substance's temperature to the melting point.

Abiotic factors are the non-living physical and chemical components of an ecosystem — temperature, water, light, soil, air, etc. A Plant is a living organism and hence a biotic factor, not an abiotic one. Temperature, water and light all qualify as major abiotic factors.

On 23 April 1930, the British arrested Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan ("Frontier Gandhi"), the leader of the Khudai Khidmatgars, during the Civil Disobedience Movement. His arrest triggered massive demonstrations in Peshawar, culminating in the Qissa Khwani Bazaar firing. Abul Kalam Azad, Zakir Hussain and Muzaffar Ahmed were not the trigger for this specific Peshawar agitation.

Weight is given by \(W=m\times g\). The Moon's gravity is roughly one-sixth of Earth's: \(g_{Moon}\approx\tfrac{1}{6}\times10\approx1.67\ \text{m/s}^2\). \[W=60\times1.67\approx100\ \text{N}\] Therefore the weight on the Moon is 100 N.

An acid–base (neutralisation) reaction follows the general scheme: \[\text{Acid}+\text{Base}\rightarrow\text{Salt}+\text{Water}\] For example, \(\text{HCl}+\text{NaOH}\rightarrow\text{NaCl}+\text{H}_2\text{O}\). The H⁺ from the acid combines with OH⁻ from the base to form water. Hydrogen gas is released with metals; CO₂ with carbonates — not in a simple acid–base reaction.

Taenia (tapeworm) and Fasciola (liver fluke) are dorso-ventrally flattened, triploblastic, acoelomate parasitic worms with bilateral symmetry — the defining features of phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms). Coelenterates are diploblastic radial animals; Annelids are segmented coelomates (earthworm); Arthropods have jointed appendages and exoskeletons (insects, crabs).

Vehicle side mirrors are convex mirrors. A convex (bulging-outward) mirror always forms a virtual, erect and diminished image, and it provides a much wider field of view than a plane mirror of the same size — letting the driver see more of the traffic behind. Concave mirrors can give inverted/magnified images and a narrow field; plane mirrors give same-size images but a limited field.

Potassium (K, atomic number 19) was discovered in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who isolated it by electrolysis of molten potassium hydroxide (KOH) — the first metal to be isolated this way. Alan Turing (computer science), Bill Gates (Microsoft) and Tim Berners-Lee (World Wide Web) are unrelated to element discovery.

Sebastian Vettel (Ferrari) won the 2017 Formula One Bahrain Grand Prix held on 16 April 2017 at the Bahrain International Circuit, Sakhir. Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes) finished second and Valtteri Bottas third; Kimi Raikkonen came fourth.

After running west-to-east, the Himalayas take a sharp southward bend just beyond the Dihang gorge in Arunachal Pradesh, where the Brahmaputra (Siang) cuts through the range. Beyond this point the mountains align north–south as the Purvachal (Patkai, Naga, Manipur, Mizo hills), forming India's eastern boundary.

Humayun's Tomb is located in New Delhi. Commissioned in 1569–70 by Emperor Humayun's widow Bega Begum and designed by Persian architect Mirak Mirza Ghiyas, it was the first garden-tomb (charbagh layout) on the Indian subcontinent and the architectural precursor to the Taj Mahal. It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993.

The Seventh Schedule of the Constitution distributes legislative subjects across three lists: Union (List I), State (List II) and Concurrent (List III). "Trade unions; industrial and labour disputes" appears as Entry 22 of the Concurrent List, meaning both Parliament and State Legislatures can legislate on it, with the Union law prevailing in case of conflict. Hence the correct answer is Concurrent.

The Stand Up India scheme, launched in April 2016, facilitates bank loans between Rs. 10 lakh and Rs. 1 crore to at least one SC/ST borrower and one woman borrower per bank branch for setting up greenfield enterprises in manufacturing, services, trading, or allied agriculture. PM Fasal Bima Yojana is a crop insurance scheme; Gram Uday Se Bharat Uday Abhiyan was a rural development campaign; the Rurban Mission focuses on rural infrastructure clusters — none specifically target SC/ST entrepreneurship.

To Pimp a Butterfly by Kendrick Lamar won Best Rap Album at the 58th Annual Grammy Awards (2016), beating Dr. Dre's Compton, J. Cole's 2014 Forest Hills Drive, and Nicki Minaj's The Pinkprint. The album was widely praised for its jazz-funk-soul fusion and social commentary, and Lamar also won Best Rap Performance and Best Rap Song the same night.

Agar is a gelatinous polysaccharide (agarose + agaropectin) extracted from the red algae Gelidium and Gracilaria. It solidifies near 32-40°C and melts near 85°C, making it ideal as a solidifying agent in microbial culture media and as a vegetarian gelling agent in jellies, puddings and ice-cream. Chlorella and Spirulina are nutritional supplements, not gelling agents; Gymnosperms are seed plants, unrelated to algae.

Statement 1 is correct: Brave New World (1932) was written by Aldous Huxley. Statement 2 is correct: An Affair Downstairs was written by Sherri Browning (Erwin). Statement 3 is incorrect: Darkness at Noon (1940) was written by Arthur Koestler, not Victor LaValle. Hence only statements 1 and 2 are correct.

The writ of Prohibition is issued by a higher court (Supreme Court or High Court) to a lower court or tribunal to stop it from proceeding with a case that lies beyond its jurisdiction. It is preventive in nature, issued while proceedings are still pending. Habeas Corpus addresses unlawful detention, Mandamus commands performance of a public duty, and Quo Warranto challenges a person's claim to a public office — none of which fit the jurisdictional overreach scenario.

'Muktijoddha' is the Bengali term for freedom fighters of the 1971 Liberation War. India provided Rs. 25 crore (later expanded to about Rs. 35 crore) to Bangladesh under the Muktijoddha Scholarship scheme to support the education of the descendants of these freedom fighters. Nepal, Bhutan and Sri Lanka have no historical link to the Muktijoddha movement, which is exclusively tied to Bangladesh's 1971 liberation.

SAFTA, the South Asian Free Trade Area, was signed in January 2004 and came into force on 1 January 2006. Its members are the eight SAARC countries: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. China is not a SAARC member (it holds only observer status) and therefore is not part of SAFTA. Sri Lanka, Bhutan and India are all founding members.

Babur, founder of the Mughal Empire in India (1526), was a direct descendant of Timur on his father's side (and of Genghis Khan on his mother's). The Mughals proudly traced their lineage to the Timurid dynasty and styled themselves as Timur's political heirs in Persia, Central Asia and India. The Rajputs and Khaljis had no genealogical link to Timur, and the Tughluqs were in fact the Delhi rulers whom Timur defeated in 1398.

In binomial nomenclature, the first word (Mangifera, Solanum, Panthera) is the genus, and the second (indica, tuberosum, leo) is the specific epithet. A taxon is any group of organisms classified at a given rank. Since Mangifera, Solanum and Panthera each represent a group at the genus rank — higher than species — they are taxa at the higher (genus) level. Taxonomic hierarchy refers to the entire ranked system, specific epithet is the species-name half, and binomial nomenclature is the naming system itself — none of these is what the three terms represent.

Step 1 — Clear denominators: Multiply the equation \(\dfrac{5x}{2}-\dfrac{7\!\left(6x-\tfrac{3}{2}\right)}{4}=\dfrac{5}{8}\) by 8: \[20x - 2\!\left(42x-\tfrac{21}{1}\cdot\tfrac{1}{1}\right)= 5\] Step 2 — Expand: \[20x - (84x - 21) = 5 \implies -64x + 21 = 5\] Step 3 — Solve for x: \[-64x = -16 \implies x = \dfrac{1}{4}\] Therefore x = 1/4.

The diagonal of a rectangle, with sides \(a\) and \(b\), satisfies \(d^2 = a^2+b^2\). Step 1 — Find the other side: \[b^2 = 51^2 - 24^2 = 2601 - 576 = 2025\] \[b = \sqrt{2025} = 45\text{ cm}\] Step 2 — Compute area: \[\text{Area} = 24 \times 45 = 1080\text{ sq.\,cm}\] Therefore the area is 1080 sq cm.

In right-angled \(\triangle XYZ\) (right angle at Y), ZX is the hypotenuse and YZ is the side adjacent to \(\angle Z\). Step 1 — Apply cosine: \[\cos Z = \dfrac{YZ}{ZX} \implies \cos 30^\circ = \dfrac{YZ}{9}\] Step 2 — Substitute the standard value: \[YZ = 9 \times \dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2} = \dfrac{9\sqrt{3}}{2}\text{ cm}\] Therefore YZ = 9√3/2 cm.

Let the average after 15 matches be \(A\). After scoring 81 in the 16th match, the new average becomes \(A+3\). Step 1 — Equate total runs two ways: \[15A + 81 = 16(A+3)\] Step 2 — Solve for A: \[15A + 81 = 16A + 48 \implies A = 33\] Step 3 — New average: \[A + 3 = 33 + 3 = 36\] Therefore his average after the 16th match is 36.

Using the standard values \(\sec 45^\circ = \sqrt{2}\) and \(\tan 30^\circ = \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\): \[\sqrt{2}\sec 45^\circ + \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\tan 30^\circ = \sqrt{2}\cdot\sqrt{2} + \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\] \[= 2 + \dfrac{1}{3} = \dfrac{7}{3}\] Therefore the value is 7/3.

Using the Pythagorean identity \(\sin^2\theta + \cos^2\theta = 1\): \[\sin^2\theta = 1 - \left(\tfrac{15}{17}\right)^2 = 1 - \tfrac{225}{289} = \tfrac{64}{289}\] So \(\sin\theta = \tfrac{8}{17}\), and therefore \[\csc\theta = \tfrac{1}{\sin\theta} = \tfrac{17}{8}\] Hence the answer is 17/8.

Step 1 — Marked Price: 60% markup on CP = 7500. \[MP = 7500 \times 1.60 = 12000\] Step 2 — Selling Price after 10% discount: \[SP = 12000 \times 0.90 = 10800\] Hence the selling price is Rs. 10800.

For a line \(Ax + By = C\), slope \(= -\tfrac{A}{B}\). Here \(A = a,\ B = -4\), so: \[\text{slope} = -\tfrac{a}{-4} = \tfrac{a}{4}\] Setting this equal to the given slope: \[\tfrac{a}{4} = -\tfrac{3}{2} \implies a = -6\] Hence a = -6.

Reflection of \((x_1, y_1)\) about the vertical line \(x = c\) is \((2c - x_1,\ y_1)\). The y-coordinate is unchanged. With \((x_1, y_1) = (-3, 1)\) and \(c = -2\): \[x' = 2(-2) - (-3) = -4 + 3 = -1\] So the reflection is (-1, 1).

From the figure we can see that country F is the second least number of cars producer.

Step 1 — B's one-day work: \[\tfrac{1}{15} - \tfrac{1}{20} = \tfrac{4-3}{60} = \tfrac{1}{60}\] So B alone takes 60 days for the whole job. Step 2 — Half the job: \(\tfrac{60}{2} = 30\) days. Hence B takes 30 days.

Let \(x\) be the added number. For the four numbers to be in proportion: \[\tfrac{94+x}{24+x} = \tfrac{100+x}{26+x}\] Cross-multiplying and cancelling the \(x^2\) terms: \[2444 + 120x = 2400 + 124x \implies 44 = 4x \implies x = 11\] Check: 105 : 35 = 3 and 111 : 37 = 3. Hence the number is 11.

Let foot distance \(= d\) km, so bicycle distance \(= 99 - d\). Total time equation: \[\tfrac{d}{9} + \tfrac{99-d}{18} = 9\] Multiply by 18: \[2d + 99 - d = 162 \implies d = 63\] Check: 63/9 = 7 hr on foot, 36/18 = 2 hr by cycle, total 9 hr. Hence 63 km.

Sum of an AP with first term \(a_1\) and last term \(a_n\): \[S_n = \tfrac{n}{2}(a_1 + a_n)\] Substituting \(n = 17,\ a_1 = -20,\ a_{17} = 28\): \[S_{17} = \tfrac{17}{2}(-20 + 28) = \tfrac{17}{2} \times 8 = 68\] Hence the sum is 68.

Let the fraction be \(x\). Given \(x - \tfrac{2}{x} = \tfrac{7}{15}\). Multiplying by \(15x\): \[15x^2 - 30 = 7x \implies 15x^2 - 7x - 30 = 0\] Using the quadratic formula with discriminant \(49 + 1800 = 1849 = 43^2\): \[x = \tfrac{7 \pm 43}{30}\] The positive root is \(\tfrac{50}{30} = \tfrac{5}{3}\). Check: \(\tfrac{5}{3} - \tfrac{6}{5} = \tfrac{25-18}{15} = \tfrac{7}{15}\). Hence 5/3.

Let B's wage be \(x\). Then A's wage is \(1.8x\), and: \[x + 1.8x = 1120 \implies 2.8x = 1120\] \[x = \tfrac{1120}{2.8} = 400\] Hence B is paid Rs. 400 (and A gets Rs. 720, summing to 1120).

Car produced by E = 0.9 Car produced by B = 0.8 Difference between them = 0.9 - 0.8 = 0.1 Percentage = 0.1 × 100/0.8 = 12.5% ∴ Country E produced 12.5% more cars than country B.

Given that 35% of total cars are diesel cars Petrol cars are 100 - 35 = 65% Total cars are = 0.4 + 0.8 + 0.3 + 0.1 + 0.9 + 0.2 = 2.7 million Petrol cars = 65 × 2.7/100 = 1.755 million ∴ The petrol cars are 1.755 million

Environmental tax is 2.5% of 30000 Environmental tax = 2.5 × 30000/100 = 750 USD for 1 car sold Total number of cars are = 0.4 + 0.8 + 0.3 + 0.1 + 0.9 + 0.2 = 2.7 million Total environmental tax = 750 × 2.7 million = 2.03 billion USD ∴ The total environmental tax to be collected is 2.03 billion USD

Since DE || BC, \(\triangle ADE \sim \triangle ABC\). With \(AD:DB = 1:2\), we get \(AD:AB = 1:3\). Ratio of areas equals square of side ratio: \[\tfrac{[\triangle ADE]}{[\triangle ABC]} = \left(\tfrac{1}{3}\right)^2 = \tfrac{1}{9}\] So \([\triangle ADE] = \tfrac{45}{9} = 5\) sq cm, and \[[BDEC] = 45 - 5 = 40 \text{ sq cm}\] Hence the area is 40 sq cm.

CP per banana \(= \tfrac{60}{12} = 5\); SP per banana \(= \tfrac{32}{5} = 6.4\). Profit per banana = \(6.4 - 5 = 1.4\). \[\text{Gain \%} = \frac{1.4}{5}\times 100 = 28\%\] Therefore gain = 28%.

Centroid formula: \(G = \left(\tfrac{x_1+x_2+x_3}{3}, \tfrac{y_1+y_2+y_3}{3}\right)\). With \(G = (2,2)\), \(A = (7,-1)\), \(B = (1,2)\): \[\tfrac{7+1+x_3}{3} = 2 \implies x_3 = -2\] \[\tfrac{-1+2+y_3}{3} = 2 \implies y_3 = 5\] Hence C = (-2, 5).

Using the identity \(a^3 - b^3 = (a-b)^3 + 3ab(a-b)\) with \(a-b = 1\): \[91 = 1^3 + 3ab(1) = 1 + 3ab\] \[3ab = 90 \implies ab = 30\] Hence ab = 30.

Perform \(2134 \div 38\). Estimate: \(38 \times 56 = 38 \times 50 + 38 \times 6 = 1900 + 228 = 2128\). Remainder \(= 2134 - 2128 = 6\), which is less than 38, so the quotient is exactly 56.

Step 1 — CI formula for 2 years: \[CI = P\left[\left(1+\tfrac{R}{100}\right)^T - 1\right]\] Step 2 — Substitute R=15%, T=2: \[\left(1.15\right)^2 - 1 = 1.3225 - 1 = 0.3225\] Step 3 — Solve for P: \[P = \dfrac{20640}{0.3225} = 64000\] Therefore the sum invested is Rs. 64000.

The blank is immediately followed by "or not", which is the fixed correlative of whether. "Whether or not" introduces a clause expressing two alternatives (healthy / not healthy) and can function as the subject of "is debatable". "Weather" refers to atmospheric conditions; "if" is not used directly before "or not"; "either" pairs with "or" but not with "or not". Hence whether is correct.

The active sentence is in the simple past ("donated"). In the passive, the object "money" becomes the subject, the verb becomes was + past participle, and the doer takes the agent phrase "by Omkar". The adverb "generously" sits between the auxiliary and the participle. This gives: Money was generously donated to the orphanage by Omkar. Option 2 wrongly uses present tense; options 3 and 4 use an awkward gerund construction.

For Wh-questions in reported speech, the reporting verb "said to" becomes enquired of (past tense, since the original is past). The Wh-word stays as the connector, the interrogative order changes to assertive (subject + verb), "you" becomes "he", and present tense shifts back: "are" to "was", "come" to "came". This yields: My grandfather enquired of the visitor who he was and where he came from. Options 1 and 4 keep direct-speech word order; option 2 wrongly uses present tense "enquires".

The idiomatic structure for contrasting two extremes is "at one end of the spectrum ... at the other end". The article-like determiner "one" introduces the first extreme. "First" is used for sequence, not spectrum extremes; "once" denotes time/frequency and is ungrammatical here; "that" requires a previously identified end. Hence one is correct.

The subject "His shoes" is plural and the shoes receive the action of being covered, so a past-tense passive construction is needed: plural "be" verb + past participle. "Was covered" fails subject-verb agreement (singular "was" with plural "shoes"). "Were covering" is active continuous and wrongly suggests the shoes performed the covering. The original infinitive "to cover" is ungrammatical. Hence were covered is the correct improvement.

The sentence predicts a future change of state of the tropical storm, so the simple future tense (will + base verb) is required. "Become" alone does not agree with the singular subject "storm" in present tense and does not signal futurity; "to become" is an infinitive and cannot serve as the main verb; the bare "be" in the original is ungrammatical. Hence will become is correct.

Part (2) contains a preposition error: "next the street" is not standard English. To express movement following the length of a street, the preposition along is required, giving "ran along the street". To express proximity, "next to" (with "to") would be needed. Part (1) and part (3) are grammatically sound, so the error lies in part (2).

Lambency means a soft, flickering brightness or radiance. Its antonym must convey a lack of brightness or vividness, which is Dullness. "Effulgence" (brilliant radiance) and "Phosphorescence" (soft glow) are synonyms, not antonyms; "Gusto" means enthusiasm and is unrelated. Hence the opposite is Dullness.

"The state of being in short supply" denotes a shortage of something needed. The precise single-word substitute is Scarcity, defined as the condition of being scarce or insufficient. "Plethora", "Myriad" and "Profusion" all denote abundance — the opposite of short supply. Hence Scarcity is correct.

A quorum is the minimum number of members required to be present for a meeting's proceedings to be valid. The sentence specifies that seventeen students were needed before discussions could begin, which is exactly this concept. "Decorum" means proper conduct; "quota" is an allotted share; "quote" means a cited statement or price. Hence quorum fits the blank.

The standard English spelling for the word meaning sacred religious writings is Scripture — beginning "Scrip-" and ending "-ture". "Scriptare" and "Screptare" use the non-standard ending "-are"; "Screpture" mis-spells the opening as "Screp-". Hence option 3, Scripture, is correctly spelt.

Emphasis means special importance or prominence given to something. Its closest synonym is Significance, which denotes the quality of being important or worthy of attention. "Ignorance" (lack of knowledge) and "Lethargy" (sluggishness) are unrelated; "Triviality" means unimportance, which is the opposite. Hence Significance is the synonym.

The idiom "Once and for all" means doing or settling something finally and conclusively, so that it need not be revisited. This matches option 1: Now and for the last time; finally. The other options describe first-attempt success, charity, and representing a majority — none of which capture the sense of finality.

The correct spelling is Annoyance — double "n" after the initial "A", root "annoy" plus the standard suffix "-ance". "Anoyance" and "Anoyanse" drop one "n"; "Anoyannce" misplaces a second "n" before "ce". Hence option 4, Annoyance, is correctly spelt.

Start with the opening fragment "The considerations which". A relative clause needs a verb next, so Y ("lead us to refer ideas to the brain") follows directly — "considerations which lead us...". The main clause verb then arrives in X ("are set forth in our"), and Z ("physiologies and psychologies") completes the noun phrase. Full sentence: "The considerations which lead us to refer ideas to the brain are set forth in our physiologies and psychologies." Hence the order is YXZ.

The phrase "borne the brunt of being ___" requires a passive gerund construction: "being" + past participle. The past participle of see is seen, giving "being seen in extremes" — meaning yoga is perceived/portrayed in extreme ways. "See" (base) and "saw" (simple past) cannot follow "being"; "to see" is an infinitive and breaks the passive structure. Hence seen.

The passage contrasts two ends of a spectrum: "at one end... and ___ the other." English uses the parallel preposition at for points on a spectrum — "at one end... at the other." "In/of the other" make no grammatical sense here; "on the other" is reserved for the idiom "on the other hand," not for ends of a spectrum. Hence at.

The verb "gain" is transitive and requires a noun object. Among the options, the standard noun for the quality of suppleness or range of motion is flexibility — exactly what a runner seeks by lengthening muscles. "Flexible" is an adjective and cannot be the object of "gain." "Flexibleness" exists but is rare and non-idiomatic. "Flexibilities" (plural) wrongly implies multiple distinct types. Hence flexibility.

The opener "It was a somewhat" needs an adjective + noun next, supplied by Y ("trying ordeal, but we"). The contrastive "but we" demands a verb, supplied by X ("carried it off as"). Finally Z ("best as we could") completes the idiomatic "as best as we could." Full sentence: "It was a somewhat trying ordeal, but we carried it off as best as we could." Hence YXZ.

The preposition "of" in "a way of ___" must be followed by a gerund (verb + -ing) functioning as a noun. Only enhancing fits, giving "a way of enhancing core strength." "Enhance" (base) and "enhances" (finite verb) cannot follow a preposition; "to enhance" (infinitive) would require "a way to," not "a way of." Hence enhancing.

The clue phrase describes wanting to inflict harm in retaliation for a wrong — the definition of Vengeful (eager for revenge). "Affable" and "Cordial" mean friendly; "Benign" means gentle or harmless — all opposite in tone. Hence Vengeful.

After the adjective "careful," the negative purpose requires the negative infinitive "not to + verb." The phrase reads "careful not do soil," which should be "careful not to soil." The error lies in part (3); parts (1) and (2) are grammatically sound.

Posterior means situated toward the back or rear. Dorsal (from Latin dorsum, back) also denotes the back side, especially in anatomy, making it the closest synonym. "Anterior" means the front (opposite). "Antecedent" and "Former" refer to what came before in time/sequence, not spatial position. Hence Dorsal.

Turgid means swollen, or — in stylistic use — pompous and bombastic. Its opposite is something modest and unassuming, i.e. Humble. "Bloated," "Puffy," and "Tumescent" all mean swollen, so they are synonyms of turgid, not antonyms. Hence Humble.

The idiom "in bad taste" describes remarks, jokes, or actions that are tactless, inappropriate, or likely to offend — fitting "Not suitable or offensive." The other options either invoke literal taste (cooking), narrow it to fashion, or describe blunt honesty — none captures the social-impropriety sense of the idiom.